Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital malformations of the face in the world. In France, 1 in 700 children is born with an orofacial cleft . This number is about the same in all European countries. In the United States, 1 child in 600 has a cleft, and in Asia, the odds are even greater, 1 child in 300 is concerned.
The distribution according to the type of cleft remains fixed for years:
- 25% cleft lip
- 50% orofacial
- 25% cleft palate
The different epidemiologies:
Cleft lips
Orofacial clefts
Cleft palates
The origin of these clefts
The origin of these clefts remain unknown, we do know the mechanism of non-fusion that leads to their formation (see embryology chapter), but we do not know the origin of this non-fusion of buds. The genetic, toxic, medicinal and food tracks are explored but we have no serious proof of their involvement to date.
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